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Ten people form a line, among which two are Chinese and two are Americans. Find the probability that both Chinese will stand in front of both Americans (not necessarily immediately in the front).

The nine delegates to the Economic Cooperation Conference include $2$ officials from Mexico, $3$ officials from Canada, and $4$ officials from the United States. During the opening session, three of the delegates fall asleep. Assuming that the three sleepers were determined randomly, find the probability that exactly two of the sleepers are from the same country.

There is a prime number $p$ such that $16p+1$ is the cube of a positive integer. Find $p$.

In a drawer Sandy has $5$ pairs of socks, each pair a different color. On Monday Sandy selects two individual socks at random from the $10$ socks in the drawer. On Tuesday Sandy selects $2$ of the remaining $8$ socks at random and on Wednesday two of the remaining $6$ socks at random. Find the probability that Wednesday is the first day Sandy selects matching socks.

Let $f(x)$ be a third-degree polynomial with real coefficients satisfying $$|f(1)|=|f(2)|=|f(3)|=|f(5)|=|f(6)|=|f(7)|=12.$$ Find $|f(0)|$.

Consider all $1000$-element subsets of the set $\{1, 2, 3, ... , 2015\}$. From each such subset choose the least element. Find the arithmetic mean of all of these least elements.

Let $N$ be the least positive integer that is both $22$ percent less than one integer and $16$ percent greater than another integer. Find the remainder when $N$ is divided by $1000$.

In a new school $40$ percent of the students are freshmen, $30$ percent are sophomores, $20$ percent are juniors, and $10$ percent are seniors. All freshmen are required to take Latin, and $80$ percent of the sophomores, $50$ percent of the juniors, and $20$ percent of the seniors elect to take Latin. Find the probability that a randomly chosen Latin student is a sophomore.

Let $m$ be the least positive integer divisible by $17$ whose digits sum is $17$. Find $m$.

Two unit squares are selected at random without replacement from an $n \times n$ grid of unit squares. Find the least positive integer $n$ such that the probability that the two selected unit squares are horizontally or vertically adjacent is less than $\frac{1}{2015}$.

Call a permutation $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ of the integers $1, 2, \ldots, n$ quasi-increasing if $a_k \leq a_{k+1} + 2$ for each $1 \leq k \leq n-1$. For example, $53421$ and $14253$ are quasi-increasing permutations of the integers $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, but $45123$ is not. Find the number of quasi-increasing permutations of the integers $1$, $2$, $\ldots$, $7$.

There are $2^{10} = 1024$ possible $10$-letter strings in which each letter is either an $A$ or a $B$. Find the number of such strings that do not have more than $3$ adjacent letters that are identical.

Let $x$ and $y$ be real numbers satisfying $x^4y^5+y^4x^5=810$ and $x^3y^6+y^3x^6=945$. Evaluate $2x^3+(xy)^3+2y^3$.

An urn contains $4$ green balls and $6$ blue balls. A second urn contains $16$ green balls and $N$ blue balls. A single ball is drawn at random from each urn. The probability that both balls are of the same color is $0.58$. Find $N$.

Find the number of rational numbers $r$, $0 < r < 1$, such that when $r$ is written as a fraction in lowest terms, the numerator and the denominator have a sum of $1000$.

The positive integers $N$ and $N^2$ both end in the same sequence of four digits $abcd$ when written in base 10, where digit $a$ is not zero. Find the three-digit number $abc$.

Let $A={1,2,3,4}$, and $f$ and $g$ be randomly chosen (not necessarily distinct) functions from $A$ to $A$. Find the probability that the range of $f$ and the range of $g$ are disjoint.

Arnold is studying the prevalence of three health risk factors, denoted by $A$, $B$, and $C$, within a population of men. For each of the three factors, the probability that a randomly selected man in the population has only this risk factor (and none of the others) is $0.1$. For any two of the three factors, the probability that a randomly selected man has exactly these two risk factors (but not the third) is $0.14$. The probability that a randomly selected man has all three risk factors, given that he has $A$ and $B$ is $\frac{1}{3}$. Find the probability that a man has none of the three risk factors given that he does not have risk factor $A$.

The repeating decimals $0.abab\overline{ab}$ and $0.abcabc\overline{abc}$ satisfy $0.abab\overline{ab}+0.abcabc\overline{abc}=\frac{33}{37},$ where $a$, $b$, and $c$ are (not necessarily distinct) digits. Find the three digit number $abc$.

Charles has two six-sided die. One of the die is fair, and the other die is biased so that it comes up six with probability $\frac{2}{3}$ and each of the other five sides has probability $\frac{1}{15}$. Charles chooses one of the two dice at random and rolls it three times. Given that the first two rolls are both sixes, find the probability that the third roll will also be a six.

Let $z$ be a complex number with $|z|=2014$. Let $P$ be the polygon in the complex plane whose vertices are $z$ and every $w$ such that $\frac{1}{z+w}=\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{w}$. Then the area enclosed by $P$ can be written in the form $n\sqrt{3}$, where $n$ is an integer. Find the remainder when $n$ is divided by $1000$.

Suppose that the angles of $\triangle ABC$ satisfy $cos(3A)+cos(3B)+cos(3C)=1.$ Two sides of the triangle have lengths $10$ and $13$. There is a positive integer $m$ so that the maximum possible length for the remaining side of $\triangle ABC$ is $\sqrt{m}$. Find $m$.

Let $f(x) = x^4 + ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d$. If $f(-1) = -1$, $f(2)=-4$, $f(-3) = -9$, and $f(4) = -16$. Find $f(1)$.

Show that, if $a,b$ are positive integers satisfying $4(ab-1)\mid (4a^2-1)$, then $a=b$

Let $a > b > c$ be three positive integers. If their remainders are $2$, $7$, and $9$ respectively when being divided by $11$. Find the remainder when $(a+b+c)(a-b)(b-c)$ is divided by $11$.