Explain why the count of positive / non-negative integer solutions to the equation $x_1 + x_2 + \cdots + x_k=n$ is equivalent to the case of putting $n$ indistinguishable balls into $k$ distinguishable boxes.


How many different ways to write a positive integer $n$ as a sum of $m$ different positive integers? Different sequences are treated as distinct.


A $7\times 1$ board is completely covered by $m\times 1$ tiles without overlap; each tile may cover any number of consecutive squares, and each tile lies completely on the board. Each tile is either red, blue, or green. Let $N$ be the number of tilings of the $7\times 1$ board in which all three colors are used at least once. For example, a $1\times 1$ red tile followed by a $2\times 1$ green tile, a $1\times 1$ green tile, a $2\times 1$ blue tile, and a $1\times 1$ green tile is a valid tiling. Note that if the $2\times 1$ blue tile is replaced by two $1\times 1$ blue tiles, this results in a different tiling. Find $N$.


How many collections of six positive, odd integers have a sum of $18$? Note that $1 + 1 + 1 + 3 + 3 + 9$ and $9 + 1 + 3 + 1 + 3 + 1$ are considered to be the same collection.